ĝhau-, ĝhau̯ǝ-

    ĝhau-, ĝhau̯ǝ-

    English meaning: to call, *priestess, *goddess

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “rufen, anrufen”

    Material: O.Ind. hávate “ruft, ruft an, ruft herbei” (other Präsensbildungen in hváyati, huvé, hóma, juhūmá si), pass. hūyá te, participle hūtá - “geladen, angerufen”, hávītave Infin., hávīman- n. “Anrufung”, háva- m. n., havás-, hávana- n. ds., hóman n. “Rufen of Preises”, hvütar- “Anrufer”; Av. zavaiti “ruft, ruft an, verwũnscht” (besides die Präsentia zbayeiti, zaozaomi), participle zūta- “angerufen”, zavana- n. ‘shout, call, Anrufung”, zavan ‘shout, call”, zbütürm. “Rufer, Anrufer”; Arm. jaunem “weihe”, n-zovk” “Fluch”; Gk. καυχάομaι “rũhme mich, boast, brag” (*ghaughau-̯ , compare Av. zaozaomi), from which back formation καύχη f. “ boastfulness “; maybe gemination Alb. (*ghaughau-̯ ) gegë “northern Alb. people. O.Ir. guth m. “voice” (*gutu-s); in addition Gaul. gutuater name a Klasse from Priestern, probably from *ĝhutu-pǝtēr “father (d. h. Meister) of Anrufs (an god)”, Loth, RC 15, 224 ff., 28, 119 ff., Rev. Archéol. 1925, 221; Lith. žave ́ ti “conjure, perform magic”, Ltv. zavēt ds., actually “jemandem etwas anfluchen” (compare Av. zavaiti “verwũnscht”); O.C.S. zovǫ, zъvati “call, shout, cry”, Ser.-Cr. zòvêm, zvȁti “call, shout, cry”, O.Cz. zovu, zvati, Russ. zovú, zvatь ds.; in addition Sloven. zòv m. ‘shout, call (whether not noun postverbal, = O.Ind. hava-ḥ, m. ‘shout, call”). Here probably (as *ghu-tó-m “angerufenes creature “): Gmc. *guða- n. “god” (compare O.Ind. puru-hūtá -ḥ “viel angerufen”, ved. epithet Indras) in Goth. guÞ m. “god” (die originally neutrale form still in pl. guda and in galiuga-guÞ “Götze”), O.Ice. goð, guð n. “heidnischer god”; guð m. “(christlicher) god”, O.E. Eng. O.Fris. asächs. god ds., O.H.G. got ds.; therefrom derived O.H.G. gutin(na), mnl. godinne, O.E. gyden “goddess”; Goth. gudja m. “(originally heidnischer) priest”, O.Ice. goði m. “heidnischer priest” (Run. guðija), gyðja f. “priestess”; M.H.G. goting “priest”; previous christliche formations are O.H.G. *gotfater, gotmuoter, O.E. godfæðer, O.N. guðfaðer, guðmōðer “Pate, Patin”, in addition as Koseformen Swe. gubbe “ graybeard”, gumma “Greisin”, O.H.G. *goto, gota, M.H.G. göt(t)e, got(t)e “Pate, Patin”.

    Note: Maybe Alb.Gheg shift (*ĝhu̯en- > ĝhâu-) zâ, zani “voice, call” [common Alb. ĝha- > zâphonetic mutation], Alb. (*ĝhu̯on-) zota “gods” new cognate zot “god” because of the Alb. ĝh > d, z shift. It is clear that Alb. (ĝhügʷ) zogu “bird” see below Root ĝhügʷh- : “young of an animal or bird”. Also nazalized Alb. (*ĝhu̯en-) zana “goddess, nymph” [common Alb. ĝh > d, z phonetic mutation] Alb. shows that Root ĝhu̯en- : “to sound” derived from Root ĝhau-, ĝhau̯ǝ- : “to call” Finally from Root ĝhau-, ĝhau̯ǝ- : “to call” derived Root dei-1, dei̯ǝ-, dī-, di̯ü- : “to shine; day; sun; sky god, god”. The phonetic shift ĝh- > d-, z- is unique Illyrian, Albanian and satem languages in general. Hence the origin of a thunder god, noise god was among satem speaking people.

    References: WP. I 529 f., Trautmann 367; ausfũhrl. Lith. by Feist 227 f.